玻璃外层涂布均匀性控制机理及工艺优化研究进展

王砚鑫; 黄会轩; 李旭; 李艳; 袁英才; 任铮

doi:10.19554/j.cnki.1001-3563.2026.19.025

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包装工程（技术栏目） ›› 2026, Vol. 47 ›› Issue (19) : 247-259. DOI: 10.19554/j.cnki.1001-3563.2026.19.025

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玻璃外层涂布均匀性控制机理及工艺优化研究进展

王砚鑫¹, 黄会轩¹, 李旭², 李艳¹, 袁英才¹, 任铮^1,*

作者信息 +

Research Progress on Mechanisms for Controlling Coating Uniformity on the Outer Layer of Glass and Process Optimization

WANG Yanxin¹, HUANG Huixuan¹, LI Xu², LI Yan¹, YUAN Yingcai¹, REN Zheng^1,*

Author information +

文章历史 +

摘要

目的系统梳理玻璃外层涂布均匀性形成机理,阐明典型缺陷的流体动力学本质并为工艺优化提供理论指导。方法聚焦流涂、喷涂、浸涂、刮涂和狭缝涂布等5类典型外层涂布工艺,深入剖析涂料黏度、表面张力、屈服应力、固化行为及溶剂挥发等流变与物化特性对液膜稳定性的多尺度影响机制;系统总结了基于微观截面显微观测、非接触激光测厚、形貌三维重构、光学性能检测及胶带剥离等关键质量评价与缺陷表征方法;引入雷诺数（R_e）、毛细数（C_a）、韦伯数（W_e）和邦德数（B_o）等关键流体力学无量纲数,探讨了基于多维精密涂布窗口理论的工艺参数协同优化策略。结果研究发现,流挂主要受邦德数与毛细数共同控制,毛细脊形成与动态接触线迁移及表面张力梯度密切相关,空气卷入存在由毛细数主导的临界失稳条件;合理匹配涂料流变特性与工艺参数可有效拓宽稳定涂布窗口。结论通过构建的“流变特性-动力学缺陷-工艺窗口”理论框架,可为大面积玻璃外层涂布的精准均匀性控制、多维界面缺陷抑制,以及高性能功能器件的高质量智能制造提供系统的理论参考与工程设计依据。

Abstract

The work aims to systematically review the mechanisms underlying the uniformity of outer-layer coating on glass, elucidate the fluid dynamic nature of typical defects, and provide theoretical guidance for process optimization. Focusing on five typical outer-layer coating processes, including flow coating, spray coating, dip coating, squeegee coating, and slot coating, the multiscale mechanisms by which rheological and physicochemical properties, such as coating viscosity, surface tension, yield stress, curing behavior, and solvent evaporation, affected liquid film stability were thoroughly analyzed; key quality evaluation and defect characterization methods, including microscopic observations of cross sections, non-contact laser thickness measurement, 3D morphological reconstruction, optical property testing, and tape peeling were systematically summarized; key fluid dynamics dimensionless numbers, such as the Reynolds number (R_e), capillary number (C_a), Weber number (W_e), and Bond number (B_o) were introduced to explore strategies for the synergistic optimization of process parameters based on the theory of multidimensional precision coating windows. The study found that sagging was primarily controlled by the combined effects of the Bond number and the capillary number; capillary ridge formation was closely related to dynamic contact line migration and surface tension gradients; and air entrapment exhibited critical instability conditions dominated by the capillary number. Appropriately matching the rheological properties of the coating with process parameters could effectively broaden the stable coating window. The established "rheological properties, dynamic defects and process window" theoretical framework provides a systematic theoretical reference and engineering design basis for precise uniformity control in large-area glass outer-layer coating, suppression of multidimensional interfacial defects, and high-quality smart manufacturing of high-performance functional devices.

导出引用

王砚鑫, 黄会轩, 李旭, 李艳, 袁英才, 任铮. 玻璃外层涂布均匀性控制机理及工艺优化研究进展[J]. 包装工程. 2026, 47(19): 247-259 https://doi.org/10.19554/j.cnki.1001-3563.2026.19.025

WANG Yanxin, HUANG Huixuan, LI Xu, LI Yan, YUAN Yingcai, REN Zheng. Research Progress on Mechanisms for Controlling Coating Uniformity on the Outer Layer of Glass and Process Optimization[J]. Packaging Engineering. 2026, 47(19): 247-259 https://doi.org/10.19554/j.cnki.1001-3563.2026.19.025

中图分类号： TQ171 TB48

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基金

2025年国家级大学生创新创业训练计划项目-基于肌腱驱动机构的自适应软夹持器设计（202510015011）; 机械专业学位博士点申报建设（21090126006）; 数字化印刷装备北京市重点实验室建设项目（KYCPT202508）; 智能与绿色柔版印刷重点实验室2024年度招标课题（ZBKT202402）