新型外卖餐饮具中邻苯二甲酸酯类塑化剂含量分析及迁移风险评估

牛记者; 王斌; 董丹丹; 曹丽芬; 张瑜; 马玉婷; 陶思源; 田甜

doi:10.19554/j.cnki.1001-3563.2026.15.018

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包装工程（技术栏目） ›› 2026, Vol. 47 ›› Issue (15) : 178-187. DOI: 10.19554/j.cnki.1001-3563.2026.15.018

农产品保鲜与食品包装

新型外卖餐饮具中邻苯二甲酸酯类塑化剂含量分析及迁移风险评估

牛记者¹, 王斌^2,*, 董丹丹², 曹丽芬², 张瑜², 马玉婷¹, 陶思源¹, 田甜¹

作者信息 +

Content Analysis and Migration Risk Assessment of Phthalate Plasticizers in Novel Disposable Takeaway Tableware

NIU Jizhe¹, WANG Bin^2,*, DONG Dandan², CAO Lifen², ZHANG Yu², MA Yuting¹, TAO Siyuan¹, TIAN Tian¹

Author information +

文章历史 +

摘要

目的测定不同种类新型外卖餐饮具中的PAEs含量并评估其迁移风险。方法优化前处理条件,建立基于气相色谱-质谱技术测定17种PAEs的检测方法,随机抽取市售一次性外卖餐饮具进行PAEs含量分析,筛选PAEs含量较高的餐饮具样品探究PAEs迁移规律及风险。结果 17种PAEs在0.02~1.0 mg/L范围内线性关系良好（R²≥0.997）,检出限为0.01~0.1 mg/kg,定量限为0.028~3.2 mg/kg,方法的回收率和精密度良好。市售45批次不同种类外卖餐饮具中PAEs的整体检出率为57.8%,有检出的4种PAEs为DBP、DCHP、DEHP和DNP。4种PAEs在不同种类新型外卖餐饮具中的检出率从高到底依次为淀粉复合>聚乳酸>淋膜纸>纸浆模塑,检出含量为2.19~80.46 mg/kg。迁移实验和健康风险评估结果表明,PAEs更易向油脂类模拟物中迁移且迁移量随温度升高与时间延长而增加。在模拟外卖食品储存条件下,几个代表性餐饮具样品中PAEs的非致癌风险低于可接受风险水平。结论本文建立的方法可用于外卖餐饮具中邻苯二甲酸酯类塑化剂的检测,研究结果可为外卖餐饮具的生产、使用和监管提供参考。

Abstract

The work aims to determine the content of phthalate plasticizers (PAEs) in different types of novel disposable takeaway tableware and evaluate the migration risks. Pretreatment conditions were optimized, and a gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) method was developed for the quantification of 17 PAEs. Commercially available disposable takeaway tableware was randomly sampled and analyzed for PAEs content. Samples with relatively high PAEs levels were further selected to explore PAEs migration behaviors and health risks. The 17 PAEs exhibited good linearity (R²≥0.997) in the range of 0.02~1.0 mg/L, with limits of detection of 0.01~0.1 mg/kg and limits of quantification of 0.028~3.2 mg/kg. Satisfactory recoveries and precision were achieved for the proposed method. The overall detection rate of PAEs in 45 batches of tableware samples was 57.8%, and the four PAEs detected were DBP, DCHP, DEHP and DNP. The concentrations of PAEs in different types of tableware ranged from 2.19 to 80.46 mg/kg, and the detection rates of the four PAEs followed the order: starch composite > polylactic acid (PLA) > coated paper > pulp-molded tableware. Migration experiments and health risk assessment revealed that PAEs preferentially migrated into fatty food simulants, and the migration levels increased with rising temperature and prolonged time. Notably, DBP and DEHP were more prone to migration from PLA tableware compared with other tableware types. Under simulated storage conditions for takeaway foods, the non-carcinogenic risks of PAEs from representative samples were below the acceptable level. The established GC-MS method is applicable to the determination of phthalate plasticizers in disposable takeaway tableware. The findings can provide a reference for the production, use and supervision of such tableware.

导出引用

牛记者, 王斌, 董丹丹, 曹丽芬, 张瑜, 马玉婷, 陶思源, 田甜. 新型外卖餐饮具中邻苯二甲酸酯类塑化剂含量分析及迁移风险评估[J]. 包装工程. 2026, 47(15): 178-187 https://doi.org/10.19554/j.cnki.1001-3563.2026.15.018

NIU Jizhe, WANG Bin, DONG Dandan, CAO Lifen, ZHANG Yu, MA Yuting, TAO Siyuan, TIAN Tian. Content Analysis and Migration Risk Assessment of Phthalate Plasticizers in Novel Disposable Takeaway Tableware[J]. Packaging Engineering. 2026, 47(15): 178-187 https://doi.org/10.19554/j.cnki.1001-3563.2026.15.018

中图分类号： TB332

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