目的 对PET材料卡进行标定,将标定材料卡用于托盘承压仿真,通过正交试验仿真优化PET托盘结构,来解析托盘承压测试变形造成压敏纸显色的问题。方法 对PET材料进行拉伸试验,采用 LS-DYNA中M24材料卡进行拉伸试验仿真模拟,通过对比拉伸应力应变曲线,验证 M24材料卡与PET材料的适配性。在LS-DYNA中采用M24材料卡对托盘进行承压仿真分析,对比仿真得到的最大压面变形情况和压敏纸显色位置,来确定仿真方法可靠性。采用仿真方法对托盘结构进行正交验证,确定其对支撑强度的影响情况,并依据正交试验结果对托盘结构进行优化。结果 在 0.001、0.01、0.1 s-1不同应变率条件下,PET材料拉伸仿真误差分别为3.0 %、3.3 %和4.6 %。采用M24材料卡对托盘进行承压仿真,压面最大变形位置与压敏纸显色位置相符,显色形状与托盘压面轮廓一致。对托盘结构进行正交仿真验证,得到最优组合为：朝内倒扣数量为14(28),朝外倒扣数量为13(26),固定倒扣朝内活动倒扣朝外排布,朝内倒扣距离产品槽6 mm。结论 M24能精准预测PET材料拉伸过程中应力应变的变化情况。倒扣数量及排布方式是影响托盘承压能力的主要因素。依据正交验证结果修改托盘结构并制作样品,托盘结构优化后通过承压测试。
Abstract
The work aims to calibrate the PET material card and use it for tray pressure simulation, optimize the PET tray structure through orthogonal experimental simulation, and analyze the problem of color development of pressure-sensitive paper caused by deformation during tray pressure testing. Tensile tests were performed on PET materials using M24 material cards in LS-DYNA for simulation. By comparing the tensile stress-strain curves, the compatibility between M24 material cards and PET materials was verified. In LS-DYNA, M24 material cards were used to perform pressure simulation analysis on the tray, and the maximum deformation of the pressure surface obtained from the simulation and the color position of the pressure-sensitive paper were compared to determine the reliability of the simulation method. Simulation methods were used to perform orthogonal verification on the tray structure, determine its impact on support strength, and optimize the tray structure based on the results of orthogonal experiments. Under different strain rates of 0.001, 0.01, and 0.1 s-1, the tensile simulation errors of PET materials were 3.0%, 3.3%, and 4.6%, respectively. M24 material cards were used to simulate the pressure on the tray. The maximum deformation position of the pressure surface was consistent with the color development position of the pressure-sensitive paper, and the color development shape was consistent with the contour of the tray pressure surface. Orthogonal simulation verification was conducted on the tray structure, and the optimal combination was obtained as follows: the number of inward reverse buckles was 14 (28), the number of outward reverse buckles was 13 (26), the fixed reverse buckles were arranged inward and the movable reverse buckles were arranged outward, and the inward reverse buckle was 6 mm away from the product groove. M24 can accurately predict the changes in stress-strain during the tensile process of PET materials. The number and arrangement of reverse buckles are the main factors affecting the pressure bearing capacity of trays. Samples made after modifying the tray structure based on the orthogonal validation results pass the pressure test.
关键词
PET托盘 /
托盘承压仿真 /
结构优化 /
正交验证
Key words
PET tray /
pressure simulation for trays /
structural optimization /
orthogonal validation
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