目的 针对焦炭热态性能（反应性及反应后强度）标准样品在仓储、转运过程中易碰撞掉粉的问题,优化其包装防护方式,以减少样品形态变化对量值稳定性的影响。方法 依据焦炭块状、多孔、脆性较高的特点,设置散装塑料瓶、三层铝箔袋真空封装、四层尼龙铝箔袋配合发泡聚乙烯（Expanded polyethylene,EPE）珍珠棉缓冲3种方案。参照包装运输试验标准,开展2.0 m高度10次指定部位跌落试验及5层码放24 h堆码试验,并采用单因素方差分析和Welch t检验比较质量损失差异。结果 方案A跌落后平均质量损失为1.63 g,外包装均有轻微形变,但堆码后焦球完好率和密封状态保持良好;方案B平均质量损失降至0.36 g,跌落后内包装漏气率为90%;方案C平均质量损失为0.22 g,损失率为0.052%,堆码后外包装平均形变量为0.03 mm,内包装均未漏气。3组质量损失差异显著（P<0.001）,方案B与方案C差异亦显著（P=0.016）。结论 四层尼龙铝箔袋与EPE珍珠棉组成的复合包装可同时改善抗穿刺和缓冲效果。方案A可用于短期静载存放,但不宜用于长途运输;方案C更适合作为焦炭及类似易碎块状标准样品的包装方案。
Abstract
The work aims to improve the packaging protection of coke certified reference materials for thermal properties, including coke reactivity index (CRI) and coke strength after reaction (CSR), because these samples are prone to powder formation and edge breakage during storage and transportation, so as to reduce the impact of sample shape changes on the stability of the measured values. According to the lump-like, porous and brittle characteristics of coke, three packaging schemes were compared: loose packing in plastic bottles, vacuum sealing in triple-layer aluminum foil bags, and quadruple-layer nylon-aluminum foil bags combined with expanded polyethylene (EPE) pearl cotton cushioning. Drop tests from 2.0 m at ten specified impact positions and five-layer stacking tests for 24 h were carried out with reference to transport packaging test standards. The mass-loss data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA followed by Welch pairwise t-tests. Scheme A showed an average mass loss of 1.63 g after dropping, and all outer packages were slightly deformed; nevertheless, the coke balls and sealing state remained intact after stacking. Scheme B reduced the average mass loss to 0.36 g, but 90% of the inner bags lost vacuum integrity after dropping. Scheme C gave the lowest average mass loss of 0.22 g, corresponding to 0.052%, and the average outer-package deformation after stacking was 0.03 mm, with no vacuum leakage observed. The mass loss differences among the three schemes were significant (P<0.001), and the difference between schemes B and C was also significant (P=0.016). The composite packaging of quadruple-layer nylon-aluminum foil bags and EPE pearl cotton can improve both puncture resistance and cushioning performance. Scheme A is acceptable for short-term static storage but not for long-distance transportation, whereas scheme C is more suitable for coke and similar fragile lump-form reference materials.
关键词
焦炭 /
标准样品 /
包装设计 /
防护效能 /
跌落试验 /
堆码测试
Key words
coke /
standard sample /
packaging design /
protective performance /
drop test /
stacking test
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参考文献
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基金
煤炭科学技术研究院有限公司科技发展基金项目（2025JC-03）
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