目的 评估市售植物纤维基食品接触材料（Plant fiber-based food contact materials,PF-FCMs）中有害化学物质的迁移风险,明确风险物质分布特征及来源,为其安全监管与工艺改进提供依据。方法 参考国家标准方法等对20批次PF-FCMs样品中12类风险物质（包括金属元素、增塑剂、芳香族伯胺、双酚类化合物、甲醛、氯丙醇等）的迁移量或含量进行筛查,并对风险物质来源开展溯源分析。结果 红外光谱和热重分析成分结果显示,18批次PF-FCMs有效样品中含有植物纤维,适用于本研究。筛查结果表明,增塑剂2批次、氯丙醇、丙烯酰胺各1批次出现迁移量超标情况。部分儿童餐具中检出邻苯二甲酸酯及丙烯酰胺等具有神经发育和内分泌干扰毒性的物质,或对婴幼儿健康构成潜在威胁。结论 市售PF-FCMs风险可能来源于个别加工助剂的使用及工艺控制不当,并非品类共性风险。建议相关生产企业优化助剂体系与生产工艺;监管部门需加强对增塑剂、丙烯酰胺、氯丙醇等重点风险物质的监控,并对儿童用PF-FCMs实施更严格的限量要求。
Abstract
The work aims to evaluate the migration risk of hazardous chemical substances in commercially available plant fiber-based food contact materials (PF-FCMs), clarify the distribution characteristics and potential sources of risk substances, and provide a reference for the safety supervision and process improvement of PF-FCMs. According to national standard methods, the migration levels and contents of 12 categories of risk substances (metal elements, plasticizers, aromatic primary amines, bisphenol compounds, formaldehyde, and chloropropanols) in 20 batches of PF-FCM samples were determined, and source tracing analysis of these risk substances was conducted subsequently. Component characterization via Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and thermogravimetric analysis confirmed that 18 valid batches of samples contained plant fiber components, which was applicable to this research. The screening results indicated that excessive migration was observed in four sample batches, including two batches with plasticizer exceedance, one batch with chloropropanol exceedance, and one batch with acrylamide exceedance. Phthalates, acrylamide and other substances with neurodevelopmental and endocrine-disrupting toxicities were detected in several children's tableware samples, which might pose potential threats to infant health. The safety risks of commercially available PF-FCMs may arise from the improper use of partial processing aids and inadequate process control, rather than universal defects of the whole product category. Manufacturers are recommended to optimize auxiliary agent systems and production processes. Regulatory authorities should strengthen the targeted monitoring of key risk substances including plasticizers, acrylamide and chloropropanol, and formulate stricter limit specifications for PF-FCMs used for children.
关键词
植物纤维基食品接触材料 /
有害物质 /
迁移测定 /
风险分析
Key words
plant fiber-based food contact materials /
hazardous substances /
migration determination /
risk analysis
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基金
国家市场监督管理总局科技计划项目（2023MK018）
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