目的 开发一种低成本、高性能的木基电加热复合材料,在低压电场中具有良好加热性能和优良力学性能。方法 以杨木单板为基体,在脲醛树脂中混合石墨作为导电发热主体,并通过添加膨胀石墨（EG）构建三维网络,热压制备电加热木质复合材料。结果 石墨与EG形成三维网络结构,降低了材料的“渗流阈值”,在12 V低电压下,该复合材料的最大热流密度可达391 W/m2,饱和温度可升至50 ℃,导热系数较普通板材提高约112%,同时复合材料具有良好的力学性能。结论 石墨基电加热木质复合材料具有高效发热和保温性好的优点,在温控包装及建筑家居等领域具有巨大应用潜力。
Abstract
The work aims to develop a low-cost and high-performance wood-based electric heating composite, which exhibits excellent heating performance under low-voltage electric fields as well as superior mechanical properties. With poplar veneer as the substrate, graphite was blended into urea-formaldehyde resin as the conductive heating component, and expanded graphite (EG) was introduced to construct a three-dimensional network, followed by hot pressing to prepare the electric heating wood composite. Graphite and EG formed a three-dimensional network structure, which reduced the "percolation threshold" of the material. At a low voltage of 12 V, the maximum heat flux density of the composite reached 391 W/m², and its saturation temperature rose to 50 ℃. Its thermal conductivity was increased by approximately 112% compared with ordinary wood-based panels, while the composite maintained favorable mechanical properties. The graphite-based electric heating wood composite features high heating efficiency and good thermal insulation, showing great application potential in temperature-controlled packaging materials, construction, home furnishing and other fields.
关键词
石墨 /
电加热 /
木质复合材料
Key words
graphite /
electric heating /
wood composite
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基金
广东省自然科学基金（2026A1515011765）
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