目的 草芽在贮存过程中极易衰老,出现失水、黄化、萎蔫等现象,严重影响其食用价值和商业价值,贮藏温度对草芽的成熟和衰老过程有着重要影响。本研究旨在评估常温贮藏和低温贮藏对草芽在品质参数和能量代谢的影响。方法 以建水草芽为实验材料,将其置于聚乙烯（Polyethylene,PE）保鲜袋内后分别于常温（25 ℃）和低温（4 ℃）下贮藏15 d,每隔3 d测定品质及能量代谢相关指标。结果 常温贮藏草芽6 d,其已腐烂变质无法食用（评分<3分）,而低温贮藏12 d,草芽的菌落总数、质量损失率、褐变指数、呼吸强度、丙二醛（Malondialdehyde,MDA）含量和相对电导率分别为6.00 lg（CFU/g）、5.29%、19.87%、25.70 mg/(kg·h)、0.51 nmol/g和17.89%,均显著低于常温贮藏（P<0.05）,延长草芽货架期至12 d。进一步研究发现,低温贮藏延缓了草芽三磷酸腺苷（Adenosine triphosphate,ATP）含量、二磷酸腺苷（Adenosine diphosphate,ADP）含量与能量电荷（Energy charge,EC）的下降,并增强了氢离子ATP酶（H+-ATPase）、钙离子ATP酶（Ca2+-ATPase）和细胞色素氧化酶（Cytochrome oxidase,CCO）的活性。相关性分析发现,草芽贮藏品质与能量代谢水平紧密相关。结论 低温贮藏可通过调节能量代谢相关酶的活性来维持较高的能量状态,从而增强草芽的耐贮性,这为低温与其他保鲜技术联用保鲜草芽提供理论参考。
Abstract
Cattail is highly perishable during storage, exhibiting symptoms such as water loss, browning, and wilting, which severely compromise their edible quality and commercial value. Storage temperature plays a critical role in the process of ripening and senescence in cattail. The work aims to evaluate the effects of room-temperature and low-temperature storage on the quality attributes and energy metabolism of cattail. Jianshui cattail was used as the experimental material and was packaged in polyethylene (PE) bags and stored at room-temperature (25 ℃) and low-temperature (4 ℃) for 15 d, respectively. Quality parameters and energy metabolism-related indicators were measured every 3 d. The results indicated that cattail stored at 25 °C deteriorated and became inedible by day 6 (sensory score < 3). In contrast, low-temperature storage extended the shelf life to 12 d. After 12 days of storage at 4 °C, the total bacterial count, weight loss, browning index, respiration rate, malondialdehyde content, and relative conductivity were recorded at 6.00 lg (CFU/g), 5.29%, 19.87%, 25.70 mg/(kg·h), 0.51 nmol/g, and 17.89%, respectively. These values were significantly lower than those observed in the room-temperature group (P<0.05). The shelf life of cattail was extended to 12 d. Furthermore, low-temperature storage effectively delayed the decline in adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and adenosine diphosphate (ADP) contents, as well as energy charge (EC). It also enhanced the activities of key enzymes, including H⁺-ATPase, Ca²⁺-ATPase, and cytochrome oxidase (CCO). Correlation analysis revealed a close relationship between storage quality and energy metabolism levels. In conclusion, low-temperature storage enhances the storability of cattail by inducing the activities of energy metabolism-related enzymes to maintain a higher energy status. These findings provide a theoretical basis for combining low-temperature storage with other preservation technologies to preserve cattail.
关键词
建水草芽 /
低温贮藏 /
能量代谢 /
贮藏品质
Key words
Jianshui cattail /
low-temperature storage /
energy metabolism /
storage quality
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基金
云南省地方本科高校基础研究联合专项面上项目（202301BA070001-074）; 国家级大学生创新训练计划项目（202510687029）; 云南省绿色食品中越双边国际联合实验室（202403AP140032）
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