目的 针对中大型无人机在运输过程中的防护需求,开展组合泡沫动态本构模型拟合及缓冲吸能特性研究,系统评估组合泡沫在跌落过程中对无人机头部、尾翼的碰撞防护效果与脆性部件的冲击保护效果,为无人机高可靠性包装提供设计依据。方法 从无人机包装箱的简化模型跌落试验中获取动态响应数据,对组合泡沫材料本构模型的应变率相关参数进行迭代拟合,基于LS_DYNA建立无人机包装箱有限元模型进行1.5 m跌落仿真分析。结果 拟合标定后的材料本构模型可有效表征组合泡沫的动态响应特性,仿真与试验曲线吻合度较高,能有效管理冲击能量,无人机头部、尾翼关键部位在1.5 m跌落工况下均未与包装箱发生刚性碰撞,关键部件加速度未超过限值。结论 以简化试验的测试结果拟合组合泡沫材料本构模型的方法可有效提高复杂缓冲系统跌落分析的真实性和预测精度。
Abstract
To address the protective needs of medium and large UAVs during transportation, the work aims to conduct research on the fitting of dynamic constitutive models for composite foams and their cushioning and energy absorption characteristics and systematically evaluate the impact protection effects of composite foams on the UAV's head and tail during a drop test, as well as their impact protection effects on fragile components, providing design basis for high-reliability packaging of UAVs. Dynamic response data were obtained from a simplified model drop test of UAV packaging boxes. The strain rate-dependent parameters of the constitutive model of composite foam materials were iteratively fitted. Based on LS_DYNA, a finite element model of the UAV packaging box was established for 1.5 m drop simulation analysis. The fitted and calibrated material constitutive model could effectively characterize the dynamic response characteristics of composite foams. The simulation curves exhibited a high degree of agreement with the test curves, effectively managing impact energy. Under the 1.5 m drop condition, key components in the UAV's head and tail did not collide rigidly with the packaging box, and the acceleration of key components did not exceed the limit. The method of fitting the constitutive model of composite foam materials with the test results from simplified tests can effectively improve the authenticity and prediction accuracy of drop analysis for complex cushioning systems.
关键词
LS_DYNA /
组合泡沫 /
无人机包装箱 /
应变率
Key words
LS_DYNA /
combined foam /
UAV packaging box /
strain rate
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