目的 探究冲击应力波在拼接式陶瓷防弹板边缘斜界面的传播规律和能量分配机制。方法 根据拼接式防弹板的边界特征,分别制备界面角度为0°、5°、10°、15°、20°、30°、45°的试样。基于分离式霍普金森压杆开展动态压缩试验,以冲击波在杆系中的传播为监测对象,建立等比有限元分析模型,并验证该模型的准确性。结果 反射波的应力幅值随界面角度的增加呈上升趋势,最后趋于平稳;透射波的应力幅值和波幅宽度均呈现出非线性下降的趋势。在能量分配方面,当界面角度为5°时,透射和反射能量分别占总能量的12%和52%,剩余能量转化为试样的动能;当角度增加到15°后,反射能量占总能量的95%以上,透射能量占比小于0.3%。此时界面相对滑移量极小,系统吸收能量显著降低。结论 陶瓷块拼接界面能够明显影响应力波传播规律及能量分配特性,通过优化界面角度可实现对能量分配的有效调控,为后续三维防护结构的数值仿真提供准确的试验校准数据。
Abstract
The work aims to explore the propagation laws and energy distribution mechanisms of shock stress waves at the inclined interface at the edge of the laminated ceramic bulletproof plate. According to the boundary characteristics of the spliced bulletproof plate, samples with interface angles of 0°, 5°, 10°, 15°, 20°, 30° and 45° were prepared respectively. Based on the split Hopkinson pressure bar, the dynamic compression test was carried out. With the propagation of the shock wave in the bar system as the monitoring object, an equivalent finite element analysis model was established and verified. The stress amplitude of the reflected wave increased with the increase in the interface angle, and finally stabilized. The stress amplitude and wave amplitude width of the transmitted wave both showed a nonlinear decreasing trend. Regarding energy distribution, when the interface angle was 5°, transmitted and reflected energy accounted for 12% and 52% of the total energy, respectively, while the remaining energy was converted into the kinetic energy of the sample. When the angle increased to 15°, reflected energy constituted over 95% of the total energy, while transmitted energy accounted for less than 0.3%. At this point, relative slip at the interface was minimal, and the energy absorption of the system was significantly reduced. In summary, the spliced interface between ceramic blocks significantly affects stress wave propagation patterns and energy distribution characteristics. Optimizing the interface angle enables effective regulation of energy distribution, providing accurate experimental calibration data for subsequent numerical simulations of three-dimensional protective structures.
关键词
应力波 /
界面角度 /
动态压缩试验 /
能量透反射规律
Key words
stress waves /
interface angle /
dynamic compression test /
energy transmission and reflection law
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