目的 通过量化灰板和微瓦楞月饼包装盒产品生命周期环境影响,识别出2类产品在生产过程中的最相关产品生命周期阶段和因素,为包装方案选型提供科学依据。方法 通过产品环境足迹（PEF）方法对比分析灰板与微瓦楞月饼包装盒的环境影响,以3 500个月饼包装盒（所有盒子展开面积之和为1 000 m2）为功能单位,采用SimaPro 10.2软件和Ecoinvent 3.11数据库建模,并运用环境足迹EF3.1方法量化16类环境影响。结果 气候变化是2类包装盒生产过程中最主要的环境影响类别,其中灰板盒和微瓦楞盒的碳足迹分别为2 156.03、1 464.81 kg CO2 eq./1 000 m2,两者环境影响均与其原材料生产中的蒸汽、电力消耗密切相关。敏感性分析结果表明,若采用清洁能源替代传统能源,2类包装盒的碳足迹最多可分别降低11.17%、14.31%。结论 在相同功能单位下,微瓦楞盒生产过程中的环境性能优于灰板盒。此外,清洁能源的推广应用能够显著降低产品包装的环境影响,推动绿色转型。
Abstract
The study aims to quantitatively assess the environmental impacts throughout the life cycle of greyboard and micro-corrugated mooncake packaging boxes to identify the most critical life cycle stages and factors in their production processes, thereby providing scientific evidence for packaging solution selection. The Product Environmental Footprint (PEF) methodology was used to compare the environmental performance of both packaging types with 3 500 mooncake packaging boxes (having a total unfolded area of 1 000 m²) as the functional unit. The modeling was conducted using SimaPro 10.2 software and Ecoinvent 3.11 database, with environmental impacts quantified across 16 categories according to the EF 3.1 method. Results demonstrated that climate change potential (carbon footprint) represented the most significant environmental impact category for both packaging types during production, with greyboard boxes generating 2 156.03 kg CO2 eq./1 000 m² and micro-corrugated boxes producing 1 464.81 kg CO2 eq./1 000 m². The environmental impacts of both packaging solutions were predominantly associated with steam and electricity consumption during raw material production. The sensitivity study revealed that adopting clean energy alternatives could reduce the carbon footprint by up to 11.17% for greyboard and 14.31% for micro-corrugated boxes, respectively. Comparative analysis under equivalent functional units shows superior environmental performance of micro-corrugated boxes over greyboard alternatives. Furthermore, the widespread adoption of clean energy demonstrates significant potential for reducing the packaging industry's environmental effect and facilitating green transformation.
关键词
产品环境足迹（PEF） /
灰板 /
微瓦楞 /
月饼包装盒 /
碳足迹 /
环境影响
Key words
product environmental footprint (PEF) /
greyboard /
micro-corrugated /
mooncake packaging box /
carbon footprint /
environmental impact
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