纤维素和木质素在先进功能性包装材料的应用综述

汤树海; 许溪; 杨明聪; 朱琦; 陈广学

doi:10.19554/j.cnki.1001-3563.2025.15.008

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包装工程（技术栏目） ›› 2025, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (15) : 72-85. DOI: 10.19554/j.cnki.1001-3563.2025.15.008

可持续包装技术创新与产业发展

纤维素和木质素在先进功能性包装材料的应用综述

汤树海¹, 许溪^1,2*, 杨明聪^1*, 朱琦¹, 陈广学²

作者信息 +

Review of Cellulose and Lignin in Advanced Functional Packaging Materials

TANG Shuhai¹, XU Xi^1,2*, YANG Mingcong^1*, ZHU Qi¹, CHEN Guangxue²

Author information +

文章历史 +

摘要

目的探讨纤维素和木质素在可生物降解包装材料中的应用潜力,解析其分子特性、协同效应及性能优化路径,为可持续包装开发提供理论支持。方法基于Web of Science、Scopus、PubMed数据库（2010—2025年）,以“纤维素”“木质素”“生物降解包装”为关键词筛选70余篇文献。采用主题分析法梳理提取、改性和复合技术,对比纳米复合、化学交联等策略对材料性能的影响,并总结技术瓶颈问题。结果文献研究表明,纤维素/木质素协同作用显著提升了材料的性能,复合薄膜对UV-C 紫外线的阻隔率达到81.8%,抗菌活性接近100%;纳米复合技术可提高力学强度（干拉伸强度提升了218%,湿拉伸强度提升了233%）和阻隔性能（氧气渗透率低至(4.15±0.13)×10^-20 m³/(m²·s·Pa)）;木质素的引入能增强材料的疏水性（水接触角>80°）和热稳定性（热分解温度提高20%）;溶解-再生策略可实现材料全周期降解。结论纤维素/木质素复合材料兼具可再生性、多功能性,是替代传统塑料的理想选择。突破实验室限制,开发低成本规模化工艺,并加强全生命周期评估,未来应聚焦智能响应材料与跨学科技术的融合,加速绿色包装产业化。

Abstract

The work aims to explore the application potential of cellulose and lignin in biodegradable packaging materials, analyze their molecular characteristics, synergistic effects, and performance optimization pathways, and provide theoretical support for sustainable packaging development. Based on the literature from Web of Science, Scopus, and PubMed (2010-2025), 70+ studies were screened by key words "cellulose," "lignin," and "biodegradable packaging." A thematic analysis was conducted to examine extraction, modification, and composite technologies, comparing effects of nanocomposite and chemical crosslinking strategies on the material performance, while critically summarizing technical bottlenecks. Cellulose/lignin synergy significantly enhanced the material performance. Composite films achieved 81.8% UV-C shielding efficiency and nearly 100% antibacterial activity. Nanocomposite technology improved mechanical strength (dry/wet tensile strength +218%/+233%) and barrier properties (oxygen permeability: (4.15±0.13)×10^-20 m³/(m²·s·Pa)). Lignin enhanced hydrophobicity (water contact angle >80°) and thermal stability (decomposition temperature +20%). Dissolution-regeneration strategies enabled full-cycle biodegradability. Cellulose/lignin composites, with renewability and multifunctionality, are ideal alternatives to conventional plastics. Future work requires overcoming lab-scale limitations through cost-effective scalable processes and life cycle assessments. Prioritizing smart responsive materials and interdisciplinary technologies will accelerate green packaging industrialization.

导出引用

汤树海, 许溪, 杨明聪, 朱琦, 陈广学. 纤维素和木质素在先进功能性包装材料的应用综述[J]. 包装工程（技术栏目）. 2025, 46(15): 72-85 https://doi.org/10.19554/j.cnki.1001-3563.2025.15.008

TANG Shuhai, XU Xi, YANG Mingcong, ZHU Qi, CHEN Guangxue. Review of Cellulose and Lignin in Advanced Functional Packaging Materials[J]. Packaging Engineering. 2025, 46(15): 72-85 https://doi.org/10.19554/j.cnki.1001-3563.2025.15.008

中图分类号： TB484

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