The work aims to improve the precision and surface quality of FDM type 3D printer’s printing products. For the temperature control of FDM type 3D printer nozzle featured by the nonlinearity, the PID increment parameter was corrected online for real time with the fuzzy rules. The nozzle temperature control system based on the fuzzy PID algorithm was designed and compared with the simulation of traditional PID controller. Compared with the traditional PID controller, the fuzzy PID controller characterized by small overshoot, short settling time and strong robustness could effectively improve the stability and control precision of temperature control system. The fuzzy PID control can improve the temperature control precision of the FDM type 3D printer nozzle, so as to improve the precision and surface quality of the printing products.