The work aims to measure the energy absorption properties of the foamed copper-polyurethane composite structure under dynamic load by the bending test, and compare and research the difference in the properties of such composite to resist the high impact and high overload. The polyurethanes with different volume fractions were filled in the foamed copper samples. The bending test was carried out on a Charpy impact tester according to the "experimental method of metal impact toughness at room temperature". The absorbance of the sample was measured to explore the mechanical properties of the composite. When the volume fraction of polyurethane in the sample accounted for 50%, the mean of energy absorption was relatively the maximum, at which time the toughness of the material was better and the material had better resistance to impact load. An anti-impact energy-absorbent structure with excellent performance could be fabricated by injecting polyurethane into the open-cell copper foams. The performances of such structure were superior to foamed copper and polyurethane monomer, and such structure has wide application prospect in military industry and civil industry resistant to high impact and high overload.