The work aims to summarize the research progress of microcapsule technology in the field of antibacterial packaging to provide scientific research basis for the further development of microcapsule technology in the antibacterial packaging. The microcapsule preparation method, characterization method and sustained release mechanism were introduced based on the analysis and summary of the research status and findings at home and abroad. The types and characteristics of antibacterial packaging antibacterial agents were introduced. The research progress of microcapsule technology in antibacterial packaging was summarized. The results showed that the microcapsule technology could increase the stability of antimicrobial components and achieve the sustained release antibacterial effect combined with the packaging system, so as to improve the product’s shelf life. A large number of studies have shown that the use of microcapsule technology can stabilize the core material to achieve the lasting antibacterial effects. The microcapsule technology has great potential in the development of antibacterial packaging, but the microcapsule technology in the anti-bacterial sustained release mechanism remains to be further studied.