The work aims to study the method to control the error precision in the process of carton production with the main shaft device of carton production equipment as the research object. According to the analysis on the process requirements and structural features of the main shaft device during the carton production, the key parameters of the main shaft model were extracted as the design variables. The static stiffness and mass parameters of the main shaft device were optimized with the response surface optimization and topological structure optimization modules in the Workbench software. The results of optimization, which were applied to the production practice, not only improved the static stiffness of the device, but also reduced the mass of the device. The error precision of the carton production was also controlled within 0.2 mm. A new method is provided for the design and optimization of the main shaft device of the carton production equipment.