The work aims to study the microscopic observation system of paper surface and conduct high-precision stereoscopic observation and detail characterization of paper surface morphology. In combination with DT-400E precision program-controlled three-dimensional translation stage and KEYENCE LJV-7200 two-dimensional laser scanner, the hardware parts of high-precision stereoscopic observation and characterization system of paper surface were developed to scan and transmit print cloud data of paper surface morphology to the computer. The corresponding software of the system’s software was researched and developed to obtain the paper surface morphology data for processing, characterization and analysis. The system accurately and visually restored and analyzed the stereoscopic surface morphology, and the local details were particularly characterized. The print cloud data could be applied in 3D printing or in other directions. With this system, the printing proofs can be scanned, and the stereoscopic observation and analysis on paper surface can be scientifically and accurately conducted, which provides effective and original methods for re-searching the effects of paper surface morphology on the print quality.