The work aims to obtain the optimal controller parameters to meet the actual requirements and overcome the difficulties in the control process of pulp concentration. A hybrid algorithm of simulated annealed particle swarm optimization was proposed and applied to the pulp concentration control system for tuning and optimizing the PID controller parameters. Simulations were done based on .m program and Simulink in MATLAB and comparison to other tuning methods was made. This optimization method could get relatively ideal control effect and the system was featured by stable transition, fast response, low overshoot, short adjusting time and good robustness. The rise time of the output response curve was 9 s, the overshoot was 3.07%, and the adjusting time was 22.8 s. It was concluded that the optimal control based on this hybrid algorithm has not only the advantages of both algorithms and is significantly superior to them with respect to their respective optimal control and traditional tuning methods, which can better meet the requirements of field control.