The work aims to conduct respective contrastive analysis on the temperature distribution of cooling performance of traditional and spray type cooling rollers based on the cooling roller (spray type cooling roller) of the self-improved FR300ELS unit type gravure printing machine, so as to research the structure and performance advantages of the spray type cooling roller. The MRF models of the new and the old cooling rollers were established. CFD was used to simulate the temperature field distribution on the surface, axial direction and circumferential direction of the cooling roller, and the scatter plot and cloud plot of the temperature distribution of these two cooling rollers were obtained when the printing machine was stably working. In conclusion, compared to a traditional cooling roller, the spray type cooling roller has a more uniform temperature distribution, a better cooling effect and a higher cooling efficiency.