The work aims to study the clean and efficient utilization of straw waste resources with respect to the increasing shortage on raw materials for various kinds of products. The materials related to paper making, foamed cushion materials, man-made straw-board, nano-crystalline cellulose as well as tableware and packaging container, etc. were analyzed and researched. With the promising straw material utilization, further technological innovation made to solve key technological problems is expected to push agricultural straw into a new development opportunity. The preparation of nano-crystalline cellulose with straw fibers is the development direction of emerging high-tech industrialization.