The work aims to study the static characteristics of plywood box under pressure and carry out multi-objective optimization design on its structure. The geometry model and finite element model of plywood box was created via Ansys Workbench and the static analysis on the plywood box was conducted. The mathematical model of multi-objective optimization was established with plywood box board thickness and steel edge thickness as the design variables and with the mass, maximum deformation and maximum equivalent stress of plywood box as the objective functions. Through the said model, the multi-objective optimization design on plywood box was done, and the results before and after the multi-objective optimization were analyzed and compared. Through the analysis on the plywood box board thickness and the steel edge thickness before and after the optimization, both thicknesses had been reduced. Under the condition of ensuring the strength and rigidity, the total mass was reduced by 9.018%. Through the analysis, the multi-objective optimization design of plywood box is reasonable, and the total mass is reduced, the materials are saved and the costs are decreased on the premise of meeting the usage requirements.