The work aims to realize the security and confidentiality of the digital image and the QR code information. The verified image non-destructive encryption algorithm of transforming coupling dynamic gravity model based on Haar integer frequency domain was proposed based on the thought of double encryption of frequency domain - spatial domain. Such algorithm was used for encryption and transmission of QR code. Firstly, the plain texts were decomposed into four sub-bands by introducing wavelet transformation and defining dressing model of frequency domain coefficient. Then 3D Chen system was iterated and chaotic sequence selection and optimization mechanism were built based on the 256-bit external key to effectively eliminate transient effects, thus outputting 3 optimized sub-sequences. Through the fusion of these sequences, one group of key streams were outputted and the position disturbance source was formed according to the ascending order to enable the four sub-bands to be scrambled in frequency domain. Then the permutation cipher was obtained by using the Haar inverse transformation. The permutation cipher was diffused based on the improved gravity model by construction of dynamic pixel quality estimation model. The original cipher was diffused again by defining the cipher depth diffusion mechanism for upping the NPCR (Number of Pixels Change Rate) and UACI (Unified Average Change Insensitive) value. Finally, whether the image was attacked in transmission was identified by introducing the HASH detection mechanism to endow the algorithm with function of decision-making. The algorithm herein had a higher security and anti-shear ability, and the distortion of the decrypted image was the least compared with the encryption technology based on chaos theory. At the same time, the QR code information also has a higher confidentiality and a lower decryption distortion, and to a better extent retains the original structure of the QR code information. The algorithm herein has a higher security and can safely protect images and QR codes during their transmission on the Internet. It has better practical application values in the field of anti-counterfeiting codes for packaging and printing.