The work aims to study the correlation between the parameters of egg quality and the dynamic behavior of egg, and establish dynamic response model for the detection of egg quality. Base on the knock response detection technology, structural dynamics method and finite element simulation technology were used to quantitatively analyze the relationship between the resonance frequency of whole egg and the physical property parameters of egg quality (shape index, shell thickness, shell stiffness and egg density). The egg dynamic characteristic parameters were obtained. It was shown that the egg quality parameters in shape index, shell thickness, shell stiffness and egg density were greatly related with the resonance frequency of whole egg. The relation of the first order resonant frequency of whole egg and the eggshell thickness was approximately linear. In contrast, the eggshell density and the air chamber height did not have much influence on its first order resonance frequency. In conclusion, there is a close correlation between the egg quality parameters (such as shape index, shell thickness, shell density and egg density) and the structural dynamic response of whole egg.