It aims to study a new basic linearization algorithm that can optimize the model of multi-level and multi-color printing system. The defects of existing basic linearization algorithm were studied by using the multi-level and multi-color printing system. A basic linearized model was put forward based on spectrum in such five steps as the determination of proportional coefficient in multi-level ink, single channel control, total ink coverage control, dot level conversion and linearization. The color gamut volume of this method was about 109% of EFI workflow. The distribution of spectrum in the color space was more uniform and the amount of ink was about 50%～85% of EFI workflow. In conclusion, the new basic linearization algorithm realizes the best use of each of the primary color ink while guaranteeing the maximum color gamut of printer.