The aim of this work was to study the finite element modeling method of the splice box and the effect of structural parameters on the mechanical properties. Using the finite element software platform Ansys, the finite element model of the plywood splice box was established, and the feasibility of the model in simulation of mechanical property of splice box was verified by the drop test. On this basis, simulation analysis of the dynamic drop test and static stacking test was conducted by changing three design parameters of the splice box (steel strip thickness, plywood thickness and plywood material). The steel strip thickness was 0.4, 0.8, 1.2 mm; the plywood thickness was 6 and 8 mm respectively; the plywood materials were poplar, birch & poplar, birch & eucalyptus. The dynamic and static numerical simulation analysis revealed that the 6 mm birch poplar plywood together with galvanized steel with a steel edge of 0.8 mm thickness was the optimal solution. The splice box modeling method of using Shell 163 thin shell element to simulate steel and plywood, and Solid 164 solid element to simulate tray box was feasible. The results were applied to the optimization design of the splice box, and the design scheme meeting the requirements and with the lowest cost was obtained.