The aim of this work was to quantify the pore structure and analyze the relationship between pore and surface properties of paper using image technology. Laplacian operator and median filtering algorithm were used to analyze the scanning electron microscope picture (SEM). The information of surface pore structure on the inkjet paper was extracted, and the coating pores formed by SiO2 with different pore size distribution were quantified and contrasted with each other. The number, area, area variance and area distribution were obtained, and the effects of pore area and distribution on the paper surface properties such as glossiness, roughness and smoothness were investigated. The size distribution of silicon affected the amount, area, and uniformity of pores on the paper surface, and thus affected the surface performance of the paper. The wider the size distribution of silicon, the higher the amount and area of the pores formed, with the increase of the uniformity, the roughness of the surface increased, while the smoothness and glossiness decreased. In conclusion, image technology could be used quantify the pore information on the paper coating surface, which provides reference for the study of pores and properties of the inkjet paper surface.