Targeting at the drawbacks of the current image inpainting algorithm in processing high-frequency component images with complex textures, such as the obvious blurring effect and blocking effect in the repairing areas, leading to serious distortion, an image inpainting algorithm based on 2D non-harmonic analysis mechanism and diffusion tensor was proposed in this paper. By introducing the FFT mechanism, the 2D non-harmonic analysis mechanism was designed by combining the steepest descent method and Newton′ s method. The priori block with maximum priority and the filling order were determined by constructing the new computing model of confidence term and data term based on the enhanced pixel information presentation capacity in the surrounding of the damaged areas through extracting the initial contour of damaged areas and embedding diffusion tensor. Then the cost function was defined by embedding weighting factors and the precise frequency spectrum of the priori block was extracted based on 2D non-harmonic analysis. The new texture was synthesized by reconstruction of 2D waveform, and propagated to missing area to accomplish the inpainting. Simulation results showed that: in comparison with current inpainting algorithm having good performance, this algorithm had higher inpainting quality and structural similarity for effectively eliminating the discontinuous textures and blocking effect in repairing area in inpainting of images with large-area high-frequency component damages. In conclusion, this algorithm could repair the images with large-area high-frequency damages.