The purpose of this study was to improve the dimensional stability and end-use value of the wood-based panel. The effects of experimental parameters such as temperature and time on the effectiveness and efficiency of hemicellulose extraction from poplar particles by high-temperature hydrothermal treatment were studied. And the mechanical performance and swelling properties of the particle board were tested. The results showed that high-temperature hydrothermal treatment had strong influence on the composition of particles, with most hemicelluloses removed, which influenced the wettability of particles. The mass-loss rate reached a maximum of MS:24.9% upon 60 minutes of treatment at 170 ℃. The panels made of treated materials showed an maximum improvement in moisture absorption property (13.4%) at small sacrifice of mechanical properties (MOR: 14.4 MPa， IB: 0.53 MPa). In conclusion, high-temperature hydrothermal treatment could improve the moisture absorption property of particle board.