The aim of this work was to study the mechanical properties of wheat straw cushioning packaging material. Static compression, creep and relaxation as well as dynamic compression for wheat straw cushioning packaging material were tested. The nonlinear fitting method of L-M and genetic algorithm were used to recognize the model parameters. The static performance curves and dynamic performance curves were obtained, and the mechanical model was established for the wheat straw cushioning packaging material. The mechanical performance curve of wheat straw cushioning packaging material showed an upward opening and a valley shape, with only one extreme point. Besides, it had obvious non-linear and viscous characteristics. The dynamic cushioning characteristic curve had an approximate U-shape, and the curve increased sharply after the minimum value, showing the compression of the material.