The aim of this study was to propose a test method of energy consumption during printing by a steam heating gravure. Firstly, a mathematical model of power consumption for steam heating gravure was built by energy balance method. Secondly, two kinds of mathematical models for heat consumption of steam heating gravure were established by the methods of air volume measurement and heat transfer medium metrology. Finally, field tests were conducted on a number of gravures in the printing factory with infrared thermometer, ultrasonic liquid flow meter and power meter. The test results showed that the power of motor and resistance wire were conformed to the actual requirements, the rated power deduced from average active power and power factor was very closed to the rated power shown on the motor nameplate, and the energy consumption values obtained by the methods of heat transfer medium measurement and air volume measurement were similar. The test results verified the correctness and feasibility of the energy consumption test method of steam heating gravure, and had correctly measured the value of energy consumption during printing.