To design ammunition storage and transportation shelter internal structure with the characteristics of rational structure, high reliability and convenient take put. The article analyzed the placement of pill, cartridge case and fuze, and designed 6 schemes of internal structure design, using the howitzer projectile with a ceatain diameter as the study object, and based on the technology requirement and demand of the ammunition storage and transportation shelter as well as the ammunition characteristics. By comparing and analyzing, it was found that the strength of shelter schemes 1 and 4 was the best, while scheme 4 was better than the other schemes in reliability of fixed device and convenience of taking and putting ammunition. Scheme 4 had the characteristics of rational structure, high reliability and convenient use for force.