To explore the design elements and protection measures of export packaging for lithium battery as a kind of dangerous goods. Based on the dangerous goods property of the export lithium batteries, the international regulations about the transport packaging of lithium batteries were systematically summarized. The specific guidance requirements in the International Maritime Dangerous Goods Code (IMDG CODE) and the IATA DGR technical rules of air transport were analyzed. According to the design of physical performance parameters in drop tests and stacking tests, the physical properties about transport packaging of lithium batteries as dangerous goods were investigated. Some solutions to safety transport of export lithium batteries were proposed. Meanwhile, to improve the overall safety design and unit-based protection of such dangerous goods packaging, the optimization proposals based on safety factors like combination packaging of lithium batteries, effective protection against short circuits and plastic shell protection were studied. The research on safety design elements and protection measures could provide the important practical guidance for safe distribution protection of lithium battery as dangerous goods.