Objective In this paper, the noise power spectrum (NPS) was used to analyze the effects of screen rules on image quality. Methods The relationship between NPS and visual perceptual was analyzed under different screen structures, specially referring to dot area and portraits, using comparative and validating experimental methods. Results The rules for noise power energy in the range of 10%～100% were measured in Cyan, Magenta, Yellow and Black dot areas. The noise power data was consistent with visual perceptual after deleting the noise of the image. Conclusion NPS could be used as a comprehensive analysis index for evaluation and analysis of image quality, while flat screen area could not be used as the sole test index for evaluating printing quality. Visual perceptual and NPS data produced by printing dots should also be used as indices for comprehensive and effective evaluation of the quality of prints.