Objective To study the vibration condition of the press gear during high-speed printing． Methods Labview software was used as the platform to develop an on-line printing machine gear vibration detection simulation system. Virtual instrument and sensor fusion technology were combined． Results Through the simulation system, it was shown that the meshing frequency in the original vibration signals of the gear were modulated by rotation frequency double octave of 23.6 Hz and triple octave of 34.69 Hz. Conclusion Virtual instrument and sensor information fusion technology could monitor the vibration condition of the printing machine during high-speed printing, and the gear wear and broken teeth failure could be detected in a real-time manner by extraction and analysis of related characteristic waveform.