Objective To improve the reliability of marine brigade ammunition storage and enhance the protective ability of ammunition packaging study according to the task and ammunition support characteristics of marine brigade. Methods To analyze the environmental effects of ammunition storage and transportation of ammunition and to establish the ammunition failure fault tree by theoretical analysis and fault tree analysis method. Results The temperature, humidity, oxygen and salinity were the main inducers causing decline of ammunition storage reliability. Conclusion The method of "separate, dry, oxygen barrier, adsorption" could effectively improve the ammunition protection level, through the comprehensive protection strategy of "separate + dry + oxygen barrier + adsorption", the comprehensive protection difficulty of marine brigade ammunition in high-temperature, high-humidity and other harsh environmental conditions could be solved.