Objective To achieve the spectral characterization of multicolor printer. Methods Combining spectral dimensionality reduction and spectral reconstruction method, we built a BP neural network model for multi-color printer spectral characterization, and proposed an objective function based on human visual characteristics.Results In the multi-color printer spectral characterization based on BP neural network model, when the objective function was without human eye visual feature weighting, the spectral accuracy and chromaticity accuracy were 0.0284 and 2.8614, while the objective function employed human eye visual feature weighting, the spectral accuracy and chromaticity accuracy were 0.0166 and 1.2247, respectively. Conclusion In the spectral characterization of multicolor printer based on BP neural network, using objective function based on human eye visual feature weighting could cover both factors of spectrum and chromaticity, and its spectral characterization effect was better.