Objective To study the influencing factors for the axial bearing capacity and the compressive strength of two-piece can. Methods Through the method of finite element buckling analysis, the influence of the thickness of relevant part on the above two properties was analyzed firstly and the relationship between the two properties and base radius, base height and cylinder height of the two-piece can was also analyzed. Results The thicker the cylinder wall, the stronger the axial bearing capacity. Base thickness did not influence the axial bearing capacity in theory, but the compressive strength became stronger with the increasing base thickness. Axial bearing capacity increased with the increasing base diameter within a certain range, but was not influenced beyond that range, the compressive strength became smaller with the increasing base diameter when the base height was unchanged. Compressive strength became stronger with the increasing base height, but the base height did not influence the axial bearing capacity. The height of cylinder wall did not influence both the axial bearing capacity and the compressive strength. Conclusion Material thickness and structure both influenced the axial bearing capacity and the compressive strength, light-weight design could be realized through the optimization of structure.