Objective To study the efficient reaction conditions of the homogeneous grafting of methyl methacrylate( MMA) onto cellulose under homogenous conditions. Methods DMAc / LiCl was used as the solvent for the dissolution of cellulose and the media for the homogeneous graft polymerization of MMA onto cellulose, using ammonium persulfate as an initiator. Results The results showed that the efficient reaction conditions were as follows: reaction time, 2 h; mass ratio of MMA / cellulose, 1 : 1; mass ratio of initiator / cellulose, 6 : 50; and reaction temperature, 80 益 . Conclusion Under these conditions, the GP of homogeneous grafted cellulose reached 76% . The grafted polymer was characterized and confired by FTIR, SEM and TGDTA.