A cigarette anti-counterfeiting system based on RFID and two-dimensional barcode technology was designed to solve the disadvantages of commonly used RFID. The core thought of the system is using RFID for true and false verification of the cigarette, and using two-dimensional bar code for identity validity confirmation of the anti-counterfeiting system reader. The operation principle, structural design, and software design of the system was introduced and the safety of the system was analyzed.