Formulation and process of waste paper fiber foaming material was optimized using two ways to obtain better performance. One way was to study the influence of NaOH solution pre-treatment on performance of the waste paper fiber foamed material. The other way was using microwave heating foaming process to optimize the performance of the waste paper fiber foamed material based on pretreatment with NaOH. The results indicated that the foaming rate, density, and buffer performance of the waste paper fiber foaming material all has been improved through pretreatment with NaOH. The test determined the best pretreatment conditions and the best formulation and process of the waste paper fiber foamed material based on pretreatment with NaOH.