A time slot selection algorithm based on binary exponential backoff was put forward to solve the low reading efficiency and time consuming problems of existing electronic tag anti-collision algorithms under heavy reading load. When a collision occurs, the proposed algorithm increases the time slot to the binary exponential and randomly selects a time slot to send data, and repeat this process until all the RFID are read correctly. The simulation results showed that a sharp increase in the number of electronic tags, the higher the reading efficiency of the algorithm and with little increase of data access time.