Characteristics of thermal decomposition and gas components generation and distribution of wood packaging waste of red oak were investigated using TG-FTIR and Py-GC/MS. The result showed that at 800 ℃ and 10 ℃/min, the main stage of pyrolysis concentrates in the range of 220~385 ℃ and the total weight loss is 78.99%; activation energy in high temperature range is significantly lower than that in low temperature range, so it is easier for the thermal decomposition in higher temperature; H-2O and part of acids and aldehydes are generated in the initial stage of pyrolysis; A large amount of H-2O, CO-2, CO, CH-4, acids, aldehydes, esters is released in the main stage; CO-2 and CH-4 are released in the later stage; the pyrolysis vapors include oxygen-containing functional compounds, such as acids (19.29%), aldehydes (15.14%), esters (9.97%), ketones (9.00%), sugars (8.59%), phenols (5.29%), and alcohols (3.63%), etc.