A method of acquiring targets signatures and camouflage performance assessment using ground based synthetic aperture radar(GB-SAR) simulation observation was put forward for effective evaluation of the land military targets camouflage performance. The method was on the basis of targets SAR imaging characteristics analysis, according to simulating data acquisition of spaceborne SAR observation geometry, based on which camouflage performance assessment was realized through scattering characteristics analysis. The necessity of spaceborne SAR reconnaissance simulation utilizing GB-SAR system was analyzed. A typical GB-SAR system suitable for the simulation was introduced. The way to assess camouflage effect from the view of target characteristics was introduced. It was put forward that the method is appropriate for radar camouflage equipment evaluation.