The concept of color difference and the root mean square error was introduced into the test to evaluate the Nikon D700 digital SLR camera color reproduction performance. Boundary exposure method was applied to test the camera's tolerance. It was found that the tolerance of the camera is 8.3 EV; the camera has lower reproduction ability for red and green. The problems found in the experiment are helpful in making corresponding adjustment in following image collection process to reduce influence of shooting.