Determination of Migration Levels of 13 Bisphenol Diglycidyl Ethers and Their Derivatives in Food Contact Coatings by Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry

LIU Yuxing; YU Lingchun; ZHOU Jinyan; PENG Qishan; LIANG Yingyin; ZENG Ying; ZHONG Huaining; LI Dan

doi:10.19554/j.cnki.1001-3563.2026.19.011

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Packaging Engineering ›› 2026, Vol. 47 ›› Issue (19) : 103-115. DOI: 10.19554/j.cnki.1001-3563.2026.19.011

Agro-products Preservation and Food Packaging

Determination of Migration Levels of 13 Bisphenol Diglycidyl Ethers and Their Derivatives in Food Contact Coatings by Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry

LIU Yuxing¹, YU Lingchun¹, ZHOU Jinyan², PENG Qishan¹, LIANG Yingyin¹, ZENG Ying¹, ZHONG Huaining¹, LI Dan^1,*

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Abstract

The work aims to establish a liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method for the simultaneous determination of the migration levels of 13 bisphenol A diglycidyl ethers and bisphenol F diglycidyl ethers, as well as their hydroxyl and chlorinated derivatives in food contact coatings. Aqueous, acidic, and alcoholic simulants were directly injected into LC-MS/MS, whereas isooctane and olive oil simulants were extracted with acetonitrile-water solution prior to analysis. Analysis was conducted in positive ion multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) mode using an electrospray ionization (ESI) source, with quantification performed via the external standard method. Within the mass concentration range of 3.0-100 μg/L, the 13 bisphenol diglycidyl ether compounds in the samples exhibited good linearity (R²≥0.995). The limits of detection of the method were 1.0-3.0 μg/kg, the spiked recoveries ranged from 81.5% to 116%, and the relative standard deviations were between 0.2% and 7.6%. This method is sensitive and simple, and is suitable for the rapid determination of 13 kinds of bisphenol diglycidyl ethers in food contact coatings. This method is applied to the testing of 64 metal cans with epoxy coatings on the inner wall. The results show that the detection rate of BADGE and its derivatives is 37.5%, and the total specific migration of chlorinated BADGE derivatives in one sample exceeds the regulatory limit.

Key words

liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) / food contact coatings / bisphenol A diglycidyl ether (BADGE) / bisphenol F diglycidyl ether (BFDGE) / migration level

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LIU Yuxing, YU Lingchun, ZHOU Jinyan, PENG Qishan, LIANG Yingyin, ZENG Ying, ZHONG Huaining, LI Dan. Determination of Migration Levels of 13 Bisphenol Diglycidyl Ethers and Their Derivatives in Food Contact Coatings by Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry[J]. Packaging Engineering. 2026, 47(19): 103-115 https://doi.org/10.19554/j.cnki.1001-3563.2026.19.011

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