Design and Preparation of Graphene Three-dimensional Spiral Superstructure/Porous Media Composite Absorbing Materials

BI Miaomiao; WU Jinxin; WANG Xu; HU Yuchen; PU Shi; CHEN Zhihong

doi:10.19554/j.cnki.1001-3563.2026.13.035

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Packaging Engineering ›› 2026, Vol. 47 ›› Issue (13) : 319-330. DOI: 10.19554/j.cnki.1001-3563.2026.13.035

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Design and Preparation of Graphene Three-dimensional Spiral Superstructure/Porous Media Composite Absorbing Materials

BI Miaomiao, WU Jinxin, WANG Xu, HU Yuchen, PU Shi^*, CHEN Zhihong

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Abstract

The work aims to propose a composite absorbing material design that embeds a graphene three-dimensional (3D) spiral superstructure into porous media to seal with the contradiction between low frequency absorption and thickness/density of lightweight broadband absorbing materials, and the limited bandwidth of single loss mechanism. Based on the synergistic regulation mechanism of multi-scale structure and material, a heterogeneous composite architecture composed of graphene 3D metamaterial skeleton and porous medium filling was proposed to realize the synergistic effect of various loss mechanisms and multi-band adaptive impedance matching, as well as lightweight and broadband absorbing properties. The coupling law between the geometric parameters of graphene 3D spiral superstructure and the loss characteristics of porous media was analyzed by the electromagnetic field theory and the equivalent circuit theory. The incident electromagnetic wave excited the electric resonance and magnetic resonance on the surface of the graphene 3D spiral superstructure, realized the spatial control of the local electromagnetic field, and produced a synergistic absorption effect with the loss medium. The embedded design significantly enhanced the low-frequency absorption performance of the composite, generating two absorption peaks of -24 dB and -21 dB at 2.73 GHz and 3.91 GHz, respectively. When the thickness of the prepared composite absorbing material was 20 mm, the density was 8.39 kg/m², the reflection loss was less than -10 dB in the frequency range of 2-18 GHz, and the effective absorption bandwidth was 16 GHz. By constructing a composite system of graphene 3D spiral superstructure and porous media, a variety of loss mechanisms can be integrated and broadband impedance matching can be achieved to obtain lightweight broadband absorption properties.

Key words

porous media / electromagnetic metamaterials / broadband absorption / equivalent circuit

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BI Miaomiao, WU Jinxin, WANG Xu, HU Yuchen, PU Shi, CHEN Zhihong. Design and Preparation of Graphene Three-dimensional Spiral Superstructure/Porous Media Composite Absorbing Materials[J]. Packaging Engineering. 2026, 47(13): 319-330 https://doi.org/10.19554/j.cnki.1001-3563.2026.13.035

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