Preparation of Microcapsules Containing Polyphenols from Opuntia ficus-indica with the Pore-solidification Bath Method

ZHAO Yongkang; WANG Shuo; DU Beier; MA Xinyi; WANG Xin; SAI Na

doi:10.19554/j.cnki.1001-3563.2026.13.023

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Packaging Engineering ›› 2026, Vol. 47 ›› Issue (13) : 201-214. DOI: 10.19554/j.cnki.1001-3563.2026.13.023

Agro-products Preservationand Food Packaging

Preparation of Microcapsules Containing Polyphenols from Opuntia ficus-indica with the Pore-solidification Bath Method

ZHAO Yongkang¹, WANG Shuo¹, DU Beier¹, MA Xinyi¹, WANG Xin^1,2*, SAI Na³

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Abstract

The work aims to prepare microcapsules with sustained-release and antioxidant properties by taking polyphenols from Opuntia ficus-indica as the core material and chitosan/sodium alginate composites as the shell material, providing a theoretical basis and technical support for the development of novel smart food packaging materials. Polyphenols were extracted from Opuntia ficus-indica with a deep eutectic solvent (DES). The optimal microcapsule preparation process was determined through single-factor and response surface experiments, with encapsulation efficiency and yield as indicators. Microcapsules were prepared according to this process and subjected to preliminary performance evaluation. The optimal microcapsule preparation conditions were determined to be a core-to-shell ratio of 1:2, an encapsulation time of 1.5 h, and a sodium alginate mass fraction of 2.7%. Under these conditions, the encapsulation efficiency reached (92.5±2.98)%, the yield reached (60.02±3.64)%, and the average particle size was approximately (359.22±6.6) μm. Infrared spectroscopic analysis showed that, compared to the pure polyphenol, the characteristic absorption peak of polyphenols at 1 051 cm^-1 was weakened in the microcapsules, and no new peaks appeared. In vitro simulated gastrointestinal release experiments indicated that the microcapsules exhibited good sustained-release properties, with a steady release of polyphenols. The DPPH radical scavenging rate of the Opuntia ficus-indica microcapsules reached up to 60.0%, and the ABTS⁺ radical scavenging rate reached up to 80.10%. The microcapsules with sustained-release and antioxidant properties are successfully prepared, providing technical support and theoretical guidance for the green extraction and stable delivery of Opuntia ficus-indica polyphenols. Their excellent antioxidant properties also indicate that they hold broad application prospects as natural antioxidants in extending food shelf life and in active packaging coatings.

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Opuntia ficus-indica / polyphenols / eutectic solvent / microcapsules / antioxidant activity

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ZHAO Yongkang, WANG Shuo, DU Beier, MA Xinyi, WANG Xin, SAI Na. Preparation of Microcapsules Containing Polyphenols from Opuntia ficus-indica with the Pore-solidification Bath Method[J]. Packaging Engineering. 2026, 47(13): 201-214 https://doi.org/10.19554/j.cnki.1001-3563.2026.13.023

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