The work aims to identify the key preparation parameters affecting the overall performance of soy protein isolate (SPI) films, establish a multi-index comprehensive evaluation method, and clarify the relationship between structural changes and performance improvement under optimized conditions, so as to provide a basis for the preparation of plant protein-based edible films. Based on single-factor experiments, irradiation dose, pH, SPI content, and glycerol content were selected as independent variables, while elongation at break, tensile strength, water vapor permeability, and opacity were used as evaluation indicators. Response surface methodology was employed to optimize the preparation process of SPI films. Principal component analysis combined with the membership function method was used to construct a comprehensive evaluation model and obtain the overall score K. In addition, the structure and properties of the optimized films were characterized by X-ray diffraction, thermogravimetric analysis, water contact angle measurement, and scanning electron microscopy. The results of response surface optimization showed that the optimal preparation conditions were as follows: an irradiation dose of 31 kGy, pH 9.27, SPI content of 6.3 g/(100 mL), and glycerol content of 3.0 g/(100 mL). Under these conditions, the elongation at break, tensile strength, water vapor permeability, opacity, and comprehensive score K of the film were 98.35%, 4.20 MPa, 4.50 (g·mm)/(m2·h·kPa), 1.95, and 0.878, respectively, and the experimental values were basically consistent with the predicted values. After γ-irradiation treatment, the crystallinity of the SPI films increased, the water contact angle increased, and the film structure became denser and smoother. Response surface methodology combined with principal component analysis and the membership function method can effectively optimize the preparation process of SPI films. Appropriate γ-irradiation can promote internal structural rearrangement of SPI films, improve their mechanical properties, moisture barrier properties, and structural stability, and enhance their overall application potential.
Key words
soy protein isolate /
film /
γ-irradiation
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