Applicability of Detection Method for Heavy Metals (Calculated as Pb) in Tinplate Coatings

ZOU Xiaona; LIU Bin; LIANG Weifeng; YAO Haocheng; CHEN Yanfen; LI Dan

doi:10.19554/j.cnki.1001-3563.2026.07.014

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Packaging Engineering ›› 2026, Vol. 47 ›› Issue (7) : 118-124. DOI: 10.19554/j.cnki.1001-3563.2026.07.014

Agro-products Preservation and Food Packaging

Applicability of Detection Method for Heavy Metals (Calculated as Pb) in Tinplate Coatings

ZOU Xiaona, LIU Bin, LIANG Weifeng, YAO Haocheng, CHEN Yanfen^*, LI Dan

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Abstract

The work aims to propose an improvement suggestion for the testing method specified in the national standard for determining heavy metals (calculated as Pb) in coatings of tinplate cans with direct colorimetry method. For common metal-coated samples, a direct colorimetric test was conducted. For the positive samples obtained from the test, in addition to using inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES) for metal element screening, a spiked compound test and a direct colorimetric verification test with glass plate coating were also carried out. Forty-eight metal-coated samples were screened for heavy metals with the direct colorimetric method. The results showed that only the inner coating samples of tinplate cans tested positive for heavy metals (calculated as Pb). Quantitative determination by ICP-OES indicated that, with the exception of iron and tin, the total mass concentration of other heavy metal elements in the samples was all below 1.0 mg·L^-1. The standard addition test indicated that high-concentration iron solution remained brownish red after reacting with sodium sulfide, while tin standard solution turned yellowish-green, with only a slight impact on color observation. All glass plate coating simulation test results were negative, confirming that iron and tin originated from the metal base of the can, not the coating. The national standard method of directly determining heavy metals (calculated as Pb) in the coating of tin cans has interference. Samples should be redesigned based on the actual situation to obtain reliable results.

Key words

heavy metals (calculated as Pb) / ICP-OES / tin can / direct colorimetric method

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ZOU Xiaona, LIU Bin, LIANG Weifeng, YAO Haocheng, CHEN Yanfen, LI Dan. Applicability of Detection Method for Heavy Metals (Calculated as Pb) in Tinplate Coatings[J]. Packaging Engineering. 2026, 47(7): 118-124 https://doi.org/10.19554/j.cnki.1001-3563.2026.07.014

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