Preparation and Properties of Novel Quaternary Phosphonium Salt-Benzoxazine Antibacterial EP and TPE Composites

QIAN Zhijin; LU Yilin; WANG Juntao; SHAO Mingzhe; LUAN Yihao; LI Jie; WANG Lijun

doi:10.19554/j.cnki.1001-3563.2026.07.002

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Packaging Engineering ›› 2026, Vol. 47 ›› Issue (7) : 9-15. DOI: 10.19554/j.cnki.1001-3563.2026.07.002

Advanced Materials

Preparation and Properties of Novel Quaternary Phosphonium Salt-Benzoxazine Antibacterial EP and TPE Composites

QIAN Zhijin, LU Yilin, WANG Juntao, SHAO Mingzhe^*, LUAN Yihao^*, LI Jie, WANG Lijun

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Abstract

Plastic packaging is extensively utilized. However, its surfaces are susceptible to microbial adhesion and subsequent biofilm formation, thereby elevating the risks of contamination and cross-infection. In addition, conventional low-molecular-weight antimicrobial agents incorporated into plastics frequently exhibit undesired migration/leaching as well as inadequate thermal resistance. Accordingly, the work aims to develop an EP/TPE-based antimicrobial composite system that achieves high antibacterial efficiency while retaining favorable thermal stability and mechanical performance. An epoxy resin (EP) and a thermoplastic elastomer (TPE) were employed as the matrix, into which a quaternary phosphonium-benzoxazine compound was introduced as the antimicrobial agent. The constituents were thoroughly blended and then cured to fabricate the composite, with the intent of immobilizing the antibacterial functionalities within the material and realizing synergistic enhancement of overall properties. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) indicated that the antimicrobial agent exhibited a decomposition temperature at 10% mass loss (T_d10%) exceeding 300 °C, suggesting that it was sufficiently thermally robust for typical polymer-processing temperature. After incorporation of the antimicrobial agent, both strength and toughness were improved concurrently. In particular, the tensile strength increased by up to 103% relative to the blank control. Antibacterial assays performed against Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) showed that, at an antimicrobial monomer loading of 2.5 wt%, the antibacterial rate exceeded 99.99%. The quaternary phosphonium-benzoxazine-based antimicrobial plastic system delivers highly efficient antibacterial activity at relatively low loading, enhances mechanical performance, and provides thermal stability adequate to satisfy processing requirements.

Key words

benzoxazine / epoxy resin / antibacterial / composite material

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QIAN Zhijin, LU Yilin, WANG Juntao, SHAO Mingzhe, LUAN Yihao, LI Jie, WANG Lijun. Preparation and Properties of Novel Quaternary Phosphonium Salt-Benzoxazine Antibacterial EP and TPE Composites[J]. Packaging Engineering. 2026, 47(7): 9-15 https://doi.org/10.19554/j.cnki.1001-3563.2026.07.002

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