Green Vehicle-Drone Joint Distribution Based on FCM Clustering and Improved Genetic Algorithm

MA Jia; JIN Shengqian; MA Xinru

doi:10.19554/j.cnki.1001-3563.2026.03.023

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Packaging Engineering ›› 2026, Vol. 47 ›› Issue (3) : 218-229. DOI: 10.19554/j.cnki.1001-3563.2026.03.023

Green Packaging and Circular Economy

Green Vehicle-Drone Joint Distribution Based on FCM Clustering and Improved Genetic Algorithm

MA Jia, JIN Shengqian, MA Xinru

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Abstract

The work aims to establish a joint distribution route planning model for electric vehicles and drones, with the goal of minimizing the total system cost, including fixed costs, energy consumption costs, and carbon emission costs and also take into account time windows, load capacity, and energy constraints to provide a decision-making basis for achieving green and low-carbon logistics. A multi-population genetic algorithm based on FCM clustering was designed. Firstly, the FCM clustering strategy was used to optimize the allocation of customer points among transfer stations. Then, a high-quality initial population was generated with a chaotic initialization method, and the performance of the algorithm was improved through a collaborative crossover and mutation mechanism within and between subpopulations. In 12 small-scale examples, CPLEX could find optimal solutions within the time limit. However, for larger models, CPLEX could not find optimal solutions within the time limit, and some examples could only output the best upper bound solution found, while others could not produce feasible solutions. Compared to LNS-GA, MPCGA-FCM showed significant advantages in solving time, with average running time of 30.27 s and 2.30 s, both better than CPLEX. The experimental results show that compared to CPLEX and the genetic algorithm improved by large-scale neighborhood search, this algorithm demonstrates significant advantages in both solving quality and speed. It verifies that the algorithm can effectively solve the 2E-VRPD problem for optimizing distribution routes, improving the efficiency of vehicle-drone collaborative distribution, and reducing distribution costs.

Key words

vehicle-drone collaborative distribution / improved genetic algorithm / carbon emission / fuzzy C-means clustering

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MA Jia, JIN Shengqian, MA Xinru. Green Vehicle-Drone Joint Distribution Based on FCM Clustering and Improved Genetic Algorithm[J]. Packaging Engineering. 2026, 47(3): 218-229 https://doi.org/10.19554/j.cnki.1001-3563.2026.03.023

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